Pesticides >> Insecticides >> Niclosamide

Niclosamide

Niclosamide 98%TC
Niclosamide 70%WP
Niclosamide 50%WP
Niclosamide 25%EC

Molluscicide

NOMENCLATURE
Common name niclosamide (BSI, E-ISO, (m) F-ISO, BAN, Germany (for veterinary use))
IUPAC name 2',5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide
Chemical Abstracts name 5-chloro-N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide
CAS RN [50-65-7] Development codes Bayer 25 648; Bayer 73; SR 73

niclosamide-olamine
Mol. wt. 388.2 M.f. C15H15Cl2N3O5 Form Yellow, crystalline solid. M.p. Decomposes at 208 ºC V.p. <<1 mPa (20 °C) Solubility In water 0.1 g/l (20 ºC). In n-hexane, toluene <0.1, dichloromethane 0.015, isopropanol 0.25 (all in g/l, 20 ºC).

Niclosamide APPLICATIONS
Mode of action Molluscicide with respiratory and stomach action. Uses Control of golden apple snail in rice. Control of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis in man by killing fresh-water snails which act as intermediate hosts. Also used for veterinary control of tapeworm infestations. Formulation types EC.

niclosamide
Compatibility Incompatible with acidic materials. Selected tradenames: 'Bayluscide' (EC250) (Bayer) Formulation types WP.

niclosamide-olamine
Selected tradenames: 'Bayluscide' (WP70) (Bayer)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis by redox titration (WHO Specifications Pesticicides Used in Public Health, p. 309). Residues in water measured by colorimetry (R. Strufe, Pflanzenschutz-Nachr. (Engl. Ed.), 1962, 15, 42) or by titration (details from Bayer AG).

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats ³5000 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >1000 mg/kg (EC250). Strong eye irritant; skin reacts after repeated and long-lasting exposure (rabbits). Inhalation LC50 for rats (1 h) 20 mg/l air. NOEL (2 y) for male rats 2000, female rats 8000, mice 200 mg/kg diet; (1 y) for dogs 100 mg/kg b.w. ADI (proposed) 3 mg/kg b.w. Other No relevant mutagenic or embryotoxic effect. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) III (Table 5); EPA (formulation) II

niclosamide-olamine
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats >5000 mg tech./kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000 mg (as 70% WP)/kg. Inhalation LC50 (4 ´ 1 h) 3630-8224 mg/m3 air (as 70% WP).

ECOTOXICOLOGY
niclosamide
Birds LD50 for mallard ducks >500 mg/kg. Fish LC50 (96 h) for golden orfe 0.1 mg/l. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 0.2 mg/l. Bees No significant mortality effects.